Louis Pasteur

পাঠভিত্তিক প্ৰশ্নোত্তৰ আৰু কাৰ্যাৱলী (Textbook Activities & Solutions)

Activity 1: Comprehension Questions (বোধমূলক প্ৰশ্নোত্তৰ) 

(a) What happened one day while Louis Pasteur was playing with his friends?

(এদিনাখন লুই পেষ্টিঅ’ৰে বন্ধুসকলৰ সৈতে খেলি থকা অৱস্থাত কি ঘটনা ঘটিছিল?) 

Answer: While playing with his friends in Arbois, Louis saw a frightened man running towards him who informed that someone had been bitten by a mad wolf suffering from rabies from the mountain.
(আৰ্বোৱাত বন্ধুসকলৰ লগত খেলি থাকোঁতে লুইয়ে এজন ভয়ভীত মানুহ দৌৰি অহা দেখিলে, যিয়ে পাহাৰৰ পৰা নামি অহা পগলা কুকুৰনেচীয়া বাঘে এজন মানুহক কামোৰাৰ কথা জনাইছিল।)

(b) What does rabies cause in human beings?

(জলাতঙ্ক ৰোগে মানৱ দেহত কি সমস্যাৰ সৃষ্টি কৰে?)

Answer: Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute and fatal inflammation of the brain in human beings and other mammals, driving the infected host mad and leading to death.
(জলাতঙ্ক এটা মাৰাত্মক ভাইৰাছজনিত ৰোগ, যিয়ে মানুহ আৰু স্তন্যপায়ী প্ৰাণীৰ মগজুত গুৰুতৰ প্ৰদাহৰ সৃষ্টি কৰি উন্মাদ কৰি তোলে আৰু অৱশেষত মৃত্যু ঘটায়।)

(c) What experiments did Pasteur conduct on rabbits?

(পেষ্টিঅ’ৰে শহাপহুৰ ওপৰত কি কি পৰীক্ষা চলাইছিল?)

Answer: Pasteur experimented on ailing rabbits and discovered the deadly rabies virus. He successfully cured the sick rabbits by injecting them with a weakened form of the same virus.
(পেষ্টিঅ’ৰে ৰুগীয়া শহাপহুৰ ওপৰত পৰীক্ষা-নিৰীক্ষা চলাই জলাতঙ্ক ৰোগৰ ভাইৰাছ আৱিষ্কাৰ কৰে আৰু একেবিধ ভাইৰাছৰ প্ৰতিষেধক ইনজেকচন দি শহাপহুবোৰক আৰোগ্য কৰাত সফল হয়।)

(d) Who was Pasteur’s first human patient? Was his treatment successful?

(পেষ্টিঅ’ৰৰ প্ৰথম মানৱ ৰোগী কোন আছিল? তেওঁৰ চিকিৎসা সফল হৈছিলনে?)

Answer: Pasteur’s first human patient was a young schoolboy who had been severely bitten by a mad dog on July 6, 1885. Yes, his treatment was completely successful and the boy recovered fully.
(১৮৮৫ চনৰ ৬ জুলাইত পগলা কুকুৰে কামোৰা এজন স্কুলীয়া ল’ৰা পেষ্টিঅ’ৰৰ প্ৰথম মানৱ ৰোগী আছিল। হয়, তেওঁৰ চিকিৎসা সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে সফল হৈছিল আৰু ল’ৰাজন সুস্থ হৈ উঠিছিল।)

(e) When and where did the French government establish the Pasteur Institute? What is it famous for?

(ফ্ৰান্স চৰকাৰে কেতিয়া আৰু ক’ত পাষ্টুৰ ইনষ্টিটিউট প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰিছিল? ই কিহৰ বাবে বিখ্যাত?)

Answer: The French government established the Pasteur Institute in Paris in the year 1888. It is famous worldwide for the research and study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines.
(ফ্ৰান্স চৰকাৰে ১৮৮৮ চনত পেৰিছত পাষ্টুৰ ইনষ্টিটিউট প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰিছিল। ই জীৱবিজ্ঞান, অণুজীৱ, সংক্ৰামক ৰোগ আৰু প্ৰতিষেধক ছিটাৰ গৱেষণাৰ বাবে সমগ্ৰ বিশ্বতে বিখ্যাত।)

Activity 2: Word Web for ‘DISEASE’ (ৰোগ সম্পৰ্কীয় শব্দ-জাল)

  • Virus (ভাইৰাছ / বিষাণু)

  • Bacteria (বেক্টেৰিয়া / জীৱাণু)

  • Infection (সংক্ৰমণ)

  • Rabies (জলাতঙ্ক)

  • Malaria (মলেৰিয়া)

  • Measles (সৰুআই)

  • Rubella (ৰুবেলা)

  • Vaccine (প্ৰতিষেধক)

  • Cure (নিৰাময় / আৰোগ্য)

  • Treatment (চিকিৎসা)

Activity 3: Dialogue Completion (কথোপকথন সম্পূৰ্ণ কৰা)

  1. Puja: Beware of animal bites, they may cause rabies.
    (পশুৰ কামোৰৰ পৰা সাৱধান হওক, কাৰণ ইয়াৰ ফলত জলাতঙ্ক ৰোগ হ’ব পাৰে।)

  2. Rohan: Measles is a deadly disease. It can lead to pneumonia, diarrhoea, and other life-threatening complications.
    (সৰুআই এবিধ ভয়ংকৰ ৰোগ। ই নিউমোনিয়া, ডায়েৰিয়া আৰু অন্যান্য প্ৰাণঘাতী সমস্যাৰ সৃষ্টি কৰিব পাৰে।)

  3. Pushpa: Rubella infection can lead to children born with congenital birth defects like blindness, deafness, mental retardation, and heart defects.
    (গৰ্ভাৱস্থাত ৰুবেলা সংক্ৰমণে অন্ধত্ব, বধিৰতা, মানসিক বিকাৰগ্ৰস্ততা আদি জন্মগত ত্ৰুটিৰ সৃষ্টি কৰিব পাৰে।)

  4. Jumon: The anopheles mosquito is a carrier of malaria. We should sleep under mosquito nets, keep water covered, and use repellents.
    (এনোফিলিজ মহ হৈছে মলেৰিয়াৰ বাহক। আমি মহৰী ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা আৰু পানী ঢাকি ৰখা উচিত।)

Activity 4: Flowchart of Events (ঘটনাপ্ৰবাহৰ ফ্লোচাৰ্ট)

  1. Pasteur sees a man bitten by a mad wolf in Arbois.

  2. → Pasteur discovers the rabies virus and cures ailing rabbits through injections.

  3. → A desperate mother brings her son bitten by a mad dog on July 6, 1885.

  4. → Pasteur takes the risk and successfully administers his vaccine on the boy.

  5. → In 1888, the French government establishes the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

Activity 5: Voice Change — Active and Passive Voice (বাচ্য পৰিৱৰ্তন)

  • The words printed in italics (Someone has been bitten by a mad wolf…) are in the Passive voice.

  • The rewritten sentence (A mad wolf from the mountain has bitten someone.) is in the Active voice.

Practice Conversions from the Lesson:

  1. Active: The mad wolf bit someone.
    → Passive: Someone was bitten by the mad wolf.

  2. Active: Pasteur found the deadly virus.
    → Passive: The deadly virus was found by Pasteur.

  3. Active: He injected the boy with the vaccine.
    → Passive: The boy was injected with the vaccine by him.

  4. Active: The French government founded the Pasteur Institute in 1888.
    → Passive: The Pasteur Institute was founded by the French government in 1888.

Activity 6: Tenses — Simple Present & Present Continuous (বৰ্তমান কাল)

  1. We play football in the afternoon. (play)
    (আমি বিয়লি ফুটবল খেলোঁ।)

  2. The sun rises in the east. (rise)
    (সূৰ্য পূব দিশত উদয় হয়।)

  3. Don’t make a noise; the baby is sleeping. (sleep)
    (হাল্লা নকৰিবা, কেঁচুৱাটোৱে শুই আছে।)

  4. Someone is knocking at the door; can you hear it? (knock)
    (কোনোবাই দুৱাৰত টোকৰ মাৰি আছে, শুনিছানে?)

  5. The man is running towards the bus. (run)
    (মানুহজনে বাছখনৰ দিশে দৌৰিছে।)

  6. The bus usually comes at 8 o’clock. (come)
    (বাছখন সাধাৰণতে ৮ বজাত আহে।)

  7. He is preparing for an engineering entrance examination. (prepare)
    (তেওঁ ইঞ্জিনিয়াৰিঙৰ প্ৰৱেশ পৰীক্ষাৰ বাবে প্ৰস্তুতি চলাই আছে।)

  8. He is learning German. (learn)
    (তেওঁ জাৰ্মান ভাষা শিকি আছে।)

Activity 7: Tenses — Simple Past & Past Continuous (অতীত কাল)

  1. Louis Pasteur died in 1895. (die)
    (১৮৯৫ চনত লুই পেষ্টিঅ’ৰৰ মৃত্যু হৈছিল।)

  2. Pasteur knew that the mad wolf was suffering from rabies. (suffer)
    (পেষ্টিঅ’ৰে জানিছিল যে পগলা বাঘটো জলাতঙ্ক ৰোগত ভুগি আছিল।)

  3. When I reached his house, he was having lunch. (have)
    (যেতিয়া মই তেওঁৰ ঘৰ পাইছিলোঁ, তেওঁ দুপৰীয়াৰ আহাৰ খাই আছিল।)

  4. I arrived last evening. (arrive)
    (মই কালি সন্ধিয়া আহি পাইছিলোঁ।)

  5. The boys were playing football when it suddenly began to rain. (play)
    (ল’ৰাবোৰে ফুটবল খেলি আছিল যেতিয়া হঠাতে বৰষুণ আৰম্ভ হ’ল।)

Activity 8: Passage Gap Fill (সঠিক ক্ৰিয়াৰূপ ব্যৱহাৰ)

Yesterday I was returning from school alone. On the way I saw a group of boys around a dog. The dog seemed to be mad, and the boys were throwing stones at it. This made the dog angry and frightened. The dog began to bark angrily. The boys found this very funny and they hit the dog with a stick. I was standing nearby quietly. Suddenly the dog rushed at me and bit me. I shouted to the boys to help me. But they ran away. The dog was so angry that it would not let go of my leg. Finally, three men from a nearby shop came out and chased the dog away.

Activity 9: Word Matching (শব্দ আৰু অৰ্থ মিলোৱা)

  • Scared → to be frightened of something or afraid that something bad might happen (ভয় খোৱা)

  • Scratched → when the skin is cut or damaged slightly with something sharp, such as nails (আঁচোৰ খোৱা)

  • Ailing → sick and not improving (ৰুগীয়া / অসুস্থ)

  • Virus → a living thing, too small to be seen without a microscope, that causes infectious diseases (সংক্ৰামক ৰোগ সৃষ্টিকাৰী ভাইৰাছ)

  • Micro-organism → a very small living thing that you can only see under a microscope (অণুজীৱ)

Activity 11: Reported Speech (পৰোক্ষ উক্তি)

  1. “What is the matter?” Louis asked him.
    → Louis asked him what the matter was.

  2. “Can you save my son?” the woman asked Louis.
    → The woman asked Louis if he could save her son.

  3. “I’ll do whatever I can,” said Louis to the boy.
    → Louis told the boy that he would do whatever he could.

Activity 14: Proverbs & Speech on “Prevention is Better than Cure” (ফকৰা-যোজনা আৰু ভাষণ)

Picked Proverbs:

  • (c) All that glitters is not gold. (চকচক কৰিলেই সোণ নহয়।)

  • (d) Every cloud has a silver lining. (দুখৰ পিছতেই সুখ আহে।)

  • (e) Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. (সোনকালে শুই সোনকালে উঠা ব্যক্তিয়েই স্বাস্থ্যবান, জ্ঞানী আৰু ধনী হয়।)

Speech: “Prevention Is Better Than Cure” (প্ৰতিৰোধেই আৰোগ্যতকৈ শ্ৰেষ্ঠ)

Respected Principal, teachers, and dear friends,
Good morning! Today, I stand before you to speak on the timeless proverb: “Prevention Is Better Than Cure.”

This proverb reminds us that avoiding illness through timely precautions and healthy habits is far wiser and easier than suffering through painful medical treatments later. Diseases like malaria, rabies, and dengue can be easily prevented by maintaining clean surroundings, using mosquito nets, drinking pure water, and getting vaccinated on time. By practicing good hygiene, balanced nutrition, and regular exercise, we safeguard our bodies from deadly infections. As Louis Pasteur’s life teaches us, scientific awareness and timely prevention save countless lives. Let us choose a healthy and preventive lifestyle today.

Thank you!

Activity 17: Adjective Formation with Prefixes and Suffixes (উপসৰ্গ আৰু অনুসৰ্গ)

  • un- : unhappy, untidy, unhealthy

  • dis- : dishonest, disloyal, disobedient

  • -less : careless, hopeless, painless

  • -al : national, accidental, natural

  • -ful : helpful, painful, careful

  • -ous : dangerous, poisonous, famous

Activity 18: Mosquito Poem & Protection Tips (মহ প্ৰতিৰোধৰ সাৱধানতা)

BEWARE OF MOSQUITOES — PREVENT MALARIA & DENGUE!“The mosquito named Little,Has venom in her spittle.
Net, repellent and spray,
Always frighten her away.”

Essential Preventive Measures:

  • Sleep strictly under medicated mosquito nets.

  • Do not allow stagnant water in old tyres, pots, or drains.

  • Use mosquito repellents and sprays safely.

  • Keep household water storage tightly covered.

  • Wear full-sleeved protective clothing in the evening.

“Clean Environment & Awareness Ensure Good Health!”

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