1) Answer the following questions to check your understanding :

a) What happened one day while Louis Pasteur was playing with his friends ?

Ans: One day while Louis Pasteur was playing with his friends, a man came running to him. The man was very frightened.

b) What does rabies cause in human beings ?
Ans: Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals.
c) What experiment did Pasteur conduct on rabbits?

Ans: He treated the ailing rabbits by injecting them with the same virus and succeeded in curing them.

d) Who was Pasteur’s first human patient ? Was his treatment successful ?

Ans: A school boy was pasture’s first human patient. Yes, he was successful in treatment.

e) Where and when did the French government establish the Pasteur Institute ? What is it famous for ?

Ans: The French government established the Pasteur Institute in Paris in 1888. It is famous for its research in biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines.

2) You must have noticed that the lesson has many words related to diseases. Read the lesson carefully and note down all these words in the word web below. One has been done for you.

Ans: DISEASE – Virus – Measales – Diarrhoea – Rubella –  Inflammation – Aids – Ailing – Rabies – Malaria

3) Here are five friends sharing information about diseases. Complete their dialogues with information from the lesson.

a) Puja :- Beware of animal bites

b) Rohan :- Measles is a deadly disease. It can lead to

c) Pushpa :- Rubella infection can lead to

d) Jumon :- The anopheles mosquito

4) Do you know what a flowchart is ? It is a diagram that shows how one thing leads to the next. Read the lesson once again and complete the flowchart to show the chain of events. The first entry has been inserted for you.

5) Here are some sentences from the lesson.

A man came running towards Louis Pasteur. The man was very frightened. “What is the matter ?” Louis asked him. Someone has been bitten by a mad wolf from the mountain.Look at the words printed in italics.Can you recall which grammatical structure is represented by the words in italics ? Fill in the blank spaces provided below to give the answer.The words printed in italics are in the P…………….. voice.

a) A mad wolf from the mountain has bitten someone.This sentence is in the A………………………. Voice.

Now, read the lesson and find out other sentences in Active voice. Reframe these sentences if necessary. Then convert them into their Passive forms. 

6) a) Let’s learn some tense forms : We use the Simple Present tense

i) To express universal truths : Animals with rabies grow mad.

ii) To express habitual or repeated action : Louis Pasteur plays with his friends.

iii) To indicate situations that are permanent : He works in the institute.

b) We use the Present Continuous tense to express an action that is presently going on : He is working on his experiment.

c) Now complete these sentences using the Simple Present or the Present Continuous forms of the verbs in brackets :

i) We ………………………… football in the afternoon. (play)

ii) The sun ……………………….. in the east. (rise)

iii) Don’t make a noise ; the baby …………………………. . (sleep)

iv) Someone …………………………….. at the door ; can you hear it ? (knock)

v) The man …………………………. towards the bus. (run)

vi) The bus usually ………………………….. at 8 o’clock. (come)

vii) He ……………………….. for an engineering entrance examination. (prepare)

viii) He ………………………… German. (learn)

7) a) We use the Simple Past tense :

i) To talk about an action that has already taken place, e.g.

This method of treatment of rabies made Pasteur famous all over the world.

ii) To show a series of completed actions, e.g. He injected the boy with the virus and kept him under watch.

b) We use the Past Continuous tense :

i) to refer to an action that was going on for a certain period of time in the pass. E.g. One day, a boy called Louis Pasteur was playing with his friends.

ii) To show that something happened while another action was going on, e.g. Many years later, when he was experimenting on rabbits, he found the deadly virus that causes rabies.