পাঠভিত্তিক প্ৰশ্নোত্তৰ আৰু কাৰ্যাৱলী (Textbook Activities & Solutions)

Activity 1: State True (T) or False (F) (শুদ্ধ নে অশুদ্ধ লিখা) 

1. People speak different languages in our country. → True (T) (শুদ্ধ)

2. The beauty of a rainbow comes from a single colour. → False (F) (অশুদ্ধ — সাতোটা ৰঙৰ মিলনতহে ৰামধেনু ধুনীয়া হয়)

3. The strength of our nation lies in our diversity. → True (T) (শুদ্ধ)

4. Our differences are blessings for us. → True (T) (শুদ্ধ)

5. Every state does not have its unique language, attire and music. → False (F) (অশুদ্ধ — প্ৰতিখন ৰাজ্যৰে সুকীয়া ভাষা আৰু সাজ-পাৰ আছে)

Activity 3: Comprehension Questions & Detailed Answers (প্ৰশ্নসমূহৰ বিশদ উত্তৰ)

** (a) Question: What examples are given in the lesson to show India’s diversity? **
(ভাৰতবৰ্ষৰ বৈচিত্ৰ্য প্ৰদৰ্শন কৰিবলৈ পাঠটিত কি কি উদাহৰণ দিয়া হৈছে?)

• Answer: The lesson highlights India’s diverse landscapes from the majestic snow-capped Himalayas in the north to the serene coconut-fringed shores in the south, and from western golden deserts to eastern lush green hills, alongside its unique languages, traditional attire, art, music, festivals, and regional cuisines.
  (পাঠটিত ভাৰতবৰ্ষৰ উত্তৰৰ বৰফাবৃত হিমালয়, দক্ষিণৰ নাৰিকল গছেৰে ভৰা উপকূল, পশ্চিমৰ সোণালী মৰুভূমি আৰু পূবৰ সেউজ পাহাৰৰ লগতে বিভিন্ন ভাষা, পৰম্পৰাগত সাজ-পাৰ, কলা-সংস্কৃতি, সংগীত আৰু সুস্বাদু খাদ্যৰ উদাহৰণ দিয়া হৈছে।)

** (b) Question: How is a rainbow used as a symbol in the passage? **
(পাঠটিত ৰামধেনুক কিহৰ প্ৰতীক হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হৈছে?)

• Answer: A rainbow is used as a metaphor for unity in diversity. Just as a rainbow’s true beauty comes from the harmonious combination of all its distinct colors rather than a single color, our society’s greatness comes from people of different cultures, languages, and beliefs living together harmoniously.
  (ৰামধেনুক বৈচিত্ৰ্যৰ মাজত একতাৰ প্ৰতীক হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হৈছে। ঠিক যেনেকৈ ৰামধেনুৰ সৌন্দৰ্য কেৱল এটা ৰঙত নাহয়, সাতোটা ৰঙৰ মিলনতহে প্ৰকাশ পায়, তেনেকৈয়ে আমাৰ সমাজখনো বিভিন্ন ভাষা আৰু সংস্কৃতিৰ মানুহৰ শান্তিপূৰ্ণ সহাৱস্থানত ধুনীয়া হৈ উঠে।)

** (c) Question: What does the phrase ‘unity in diversity’ mean in the context of the passage? **
(পাঠটিৰ প্ৰসংগত ‘unity in diversity’ (বৈচিত্ৰ্যৰ মাজত একতা) বাক্যাংশই কি বুজায়?)

• Answer: It means standing united, respectful, and bonded as one single nation despite our vast differences in language, religion, culture, food habits, and traditions.
  (ইয়াৰ অৰ্থ হৈছে ভাষা, ধৰ্ম, জাতি, কৃষ্টি আৰু সংস্কৃতিৰ মাজত ভিন্নতা থকা সত্ত্বেও সকলোৱে ভাতৃত্ববোধ আৰু পাৰস্পৰিক শ্ৰদ্ধাৰে এখন দেশ হিচাপে এক হৈ থকা।)

** (d) Question: How does strength come from togetherness? **
(একতাৰ পৰা কেনেকৈ শক্তি লাভ কৰা যায়?)

• Answer: Strength does not come from isolation. When diverse people support, respect, cooperate, and stand by each other in every situation, their collective power becomes unstoppable.
  (বিচ্ছিন্ন হৈ অকলে থাকিলে শক্তি পোৱা নাযায়। কিন্তু যেতিয়া বিভিন্ন শ্ৰেণীৰ লোকসকলে এজনে আনজনক সহায়, শ্ৰদ্ধা আৰু সহযোগিতা কৰে, তেতিয়া তেওঁলোকৰ একতা অপৰাজেয় শক্তিত পৰিণত হয়।)

** (e) Question: How can you promote ‘unity in diversity’ in your school? **
(আপোনাৰ বিদ্যালয়ত আপুনি কেনেকৈ ‘বৈচিত্ৰ্যৰ মাজত একতা’ৰ প্ৰসাৰ ঘটাব পাৰে?)

• Answer: We can promote it by celebrating festivals of all communities, learning and greeting in different native languages, sharing diverse traditional dishes, encouraging inclusivity for children with special needs, and discouraging discrimination or teasing.
  (সকলো সম্প্ৰদায়ৰ উৎসৱসমূহ বিদ্যালয়ত একেলগে পালন কৰি, বিভিন্ন আঞ্চলিক ভাষাত কথা পাতি, সকলোৱে খাদ্য সম্ভাৰ ভাগ-বাটোৱাৰা কৰি আৰু বিশেষভাৱে সক্ষম সহপাঠীসকলক মৰমেৰে সাঙুৰি লৈ আমি একতাৰ প্ৰসাৰ ঘটাব পাৰোঁ।)

** (f) Question: If you notice people being mocked for their language or culture, how would you respond to it? **
(যদি কোনোবাই কাৰোবাৰ ভাষা বা সংস্কৃতিক লৈ উপহাস কৰা দেখে, তেন্তে আপুনি কেনে প্ৰতিক্ৰিয়া প্ৰকাশ কৰিব?)

• Answer: I would politely and firmly intervene to explain that every culture and language is unique and valuable. I would comfort the affected person and remind everyone that true humanity lies in mutual respect and acceptance.
  (মই শান্তভাৱে আৰু দৃঢ়তাৰে বুজাই দিম যে প্ৰতিটো ভাষা আৰু সংস্কৃতিয়েই মূল্যবান। মই উপহাসৰ বলি হোৱা বন্ধুক সাহস দিম আৰু সকলোকে শ্ৰদ্ধা আৰু সহনশীলতাৰ শিক্ষা সোঁৱৰাই দিম।)

Activity 4: Match Column A with Column B (স্তম্ভ মিলোৱা)

• Our differences are blessings → that make us richer as a community.

• India is truly → a land of colours and contrasts.

• Every state is a world in itself → with its unique language, attire, art and music.

• Strength does not come from isolation → but from togetherness.

Activity 5: Metaphors (ৰূপক / বাচ্য অলংকাৰ)

Definition: A metaphor is an implied comparison between two unlike things without using ‘like’ or ‘as’.

1. He is a very brave fighter. → [ ] (Literal)

2. He is a lion in the fight. → [ M ] (Metaphor)

3. My friend is a night owl. → [ M ] (Metaphor)

4. She runs as fast as a cheetah. → [ ] (Simile using ‘as’)

5. She is very beautiful. → [ ] (Literal)

6. The world is a stage. → [ M ] (Metaphor)

Activity 7: Prefixes and Suffixes (উপসৰ্গ আৰু অনুসৰ্গ)

Prefixes (মূল শব্দৰ আগত যোগ হোৱা বৰ্ণ):

• anti-: antibiotic, antisocial, antiseptic

• inter-: international, interaction, internet

• mis-: mismanagement, mistake, misunderstand

• super-: superman, superstar, supernatural

• im-: impossible, imperfect, impatient

• ir-: irregular, irresponsible, irrational

Suffixes (মূল শব্দৰ শেষত যোগ হোৱা বৰ্ণ):

• -ment: management, agreement, punishment

• -ful: helpful, beautiful, colourful

• -tion: celebration, education, action

• -ward: forward, backward, toward

• -less: careless, fearless, hopeless

• -hood: childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood

• -able: readable, comfortable, capable

Activity 8(b): Reordered Coherent Paragraph (অনুচ্ছেদ লিখন)

Topic: Celebration of Independence Day at Morigaon Model Grammar School

On 15th August, Model Grammar School at Morigaon celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm. The Inspector of Schools of Morigaon was invited as the chief guest to hoist the National Flag. After hoisting the National Flag, the Inspector of Schools, in his brief and impressive speech, recalled the glorious days of the Nationalist Movement. Other dignitaries who were invited to the ceremony included the Vice Chairman of Tiwa Autonomous Council and the Chairperson of All Tiwa Women Association. The colorful function ended smoothly with a vote of thanks delivered by the Vice Principal of the school.

Activity 9: Riddle (ধাঁধা)

“One alone might quickly fall, Many together can stand tall, Let’s hold hands and never break, Strength is something we must make. Guess what?”
→ Answer: UNITY (একতা)

Activity 10: Words with Multiple Meanings (Noun vs Verb)

• Match:

  • Noun: India won the cricket match by 10 runs. (খেল / প্ৰতিযোগিতা)

  • Verb: Her shoes match her dress perfectly. (মিলা / মিলি যোৱা)

• Park:

  • Noun: Children are playing happily in the park. (উদ্যোগ / খেলপথাৰ)

  • Verb: Please park your car outside the gate. (গাড়ী ৰখোৱা)

• Watch:

  • Noun: My father gifted me a wrist watch. (হাতঘড়ী)

  • Verb: We should watch the football match live. (চোৱা / নিৰীক্ষণ কৰা)

• Ring:

  • Noun: She is wearing a gold ring. (আঙুঠি)

  • Verb: Please ring the school bell on time. (ঘণ্টা বজোৱা)

Activity 11: Modal Verbs (ভাৱবাচক সহায়কাৰী ক্ৰিয়া)

1. The bus should / will be here by now. That’s what the schedule says.

2. When I was six, I could play violin but I haven’t practised since then so I can’t play anymore.

3. You should feed the cat at least twice a day.

4. She must / should study hard if she wants to pass the exam.

5. I would rather stay at home than go out and have dinner in a restaurant.

6. The sky is cloudy. It might rain now.

Modal Situations Matching:

• You want to borrow a book from your friend → “May I borrow this book from you?”

• There are dark clouds in the sky → “It might rain.”

• The coach will explain the rules of the game → “You must not touch the ball with your hands.”

• Asking someone to pass the pepper → “Could you pass the pepper, please?”

• Predicting next event in a treasure hunt → “The boy might find the hidden treasure in the end of the story.”

• Advising someone to wash hands → “You ought to wash your hands before eating.”

Activity 12 & 14: Expressions for Agreeing and Disagreeing

Activity 16: Phonetics — Sounds of the letter ‘u’

• Sound /juː/ (as in ‘unity’ / ‘useful’): universal, union, unit, united, uniform, music, cube, huge, computer, human, student

• Sound /ʌ/ (as in ‘uplift’ / ‘up’): upper, under, umbrella, unlock, cut, cup, fun, mud, bus, nut, hut, truck

Activity 18: Story Writing — “The Old Farmer and the Bundle of Sticks”

Title: Unity is Strength

Once upon a time, an old farmer lived in a village with his four sons. The sons were always quarrelling with each other, which made the father very sad and worried. One day, the old farmer called all his sons and gave them a bundle of sticks tied tightly together. He asked each son to break the bundle. Each of them tried with all their strength, but none could break it. Then, the father untied the bundle and gave a single stick to each son. They broke the single sticks easily into pieces. The father advised them: “If you remain united like the bundle, no enemy can harm you. But if you quarrel and stay divided, you will be broken easily.” The sons understood the lesson and promised to live in unity forever.

Activity 19: Grammar — Subject-Verb Agreement

1. Every morning bring a new hope.
   → Every morning brings a new hope. (Rule: ‘Every’ takes a singular verb)

2. The committee decide to meet tomorrow.
   → The committee decides to meet tomorrow. (Rule: Collective nouns take singular verbs)

3. Neither Tarali nor Arnav are participating.
   → Neither Tarali nor Arnav is participating. (Rule: When singular subjects are joined by ‘neither…nor’, the verb is singular)

4. Neither the pen nor the papers is available.
   → Neither the pen nor the papers are available. (Rule: The verb agrees with the closer subject ‘papers’)